At ARM, having accurate data is key for success in science. We collect a range of environmental observations including temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction, precipitation rates and cloud cover data. Furthermore, our models simulate air movement which influences observed data as well as predict how atmospheric systems will respond to changes in climate conditions – these models are then compared with measured data to provide insight into human activities’ influence on Earth’s atmosphere.
ARM’s Central Facility in Lamont, Oklahoma serves as its primary observatory. Here you will find an array of instruments measuring temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction as well as solar radiation, cosmic rays and aerosols. Staffed year-round by technicians and support staff members with additional observations supplemented through field research campaigns by scientists; data from all these instruments is made accessible to the scientific community.
SGPs measure student performance relative to academic peers; thus it may be that two students with identical MCAS scaled score histories may have different SGPs based on which academic peer group they used for MCAS testing in different subjects.
Student growth percentiles are determined based on students’ performance on current and previous statewide assessments, then compared with the national average. The higher a student is ahead of his or her peers, so this metric often refers to as growth is often used by teachers, school districts, and the state for measurement of growth.
This measure may not be as prevalent, but it can still prove very valuable for educators. It provides educators with more accurate comparisons among students by taking into account variations in educational backgrounds and learning styles, and gives a sense of their progress over time, including any changes or regression since their last assessment.
The SGPA tool is accessible to schools and teachers worldwide; however, it requires a computer with R software environment installed – an open-source, free software package compatible with Windows, OSX and Linux operating systems. Before engaging in SGP analyses, it is advised that you become acquainted with the tool by exploring its available resources on CRAN or via GitHub. CRAN also hosts several SGP packages for download. AbcSGP and updateSGP are two higher level functions provided in the SGP package that “wrap” lower levels of function calls into simpler source code for operational SGP analyses. This article utilizes versions of these higher level functions; you may prefer running them directly instead. Furthermore, using either of them saves significant time when setting up analyses using LONG data files found within this directory – these files also save significant time when looking up instructor-student numbers using Instructor_NUMBER files located here!